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Sivakala C.R,* * Ph.D. Research Scholar, Department of History & Research Centre, Scott Christian College (Autonomous), Nagercoil. ABSTRACT Kanyakumari  District,  the southern most part of Indian Peninsula is the most complicated ,most  peculiar, unpredictable but very much unique in many ways of culture, historicity and antiquity among all the regions of our beloved India. Kanyakumari District includes the four taluks namely  Agastheeswaram, Thovalai, Kalkulam and Vilvancode. Suchindram  Sree Sthanumalaya Perumal Temple, Thiruppathisaram  Sree Thiruvalmarban Perumal Temple, Parakai  Sree Madhusoodhana Perumal Temnple , Manalikkarai  Alvar Sree Krishana Perumal Temple, Talaikkulam  Sree Azhagam Perumal Nayanar Temple, Thiruvattar  Sree Adikesava Perumal Temple  and Parthivapuram  Sree Parthasarathy Perumal Temple are the important Perumal (one…

N.Sumathe*, & P.Jeyabalakrishnan** *Ph.D., Research Scholar in History, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. ** Assistant Professor in History, DDE, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar. Abstract Festivals or utsavoms are ceremonies which are celebrated once in a year in all the temples of minor Gods, with all the attendant pujas and cultural programmes. In a majority of the temples, festivals are conducted only-once in a year. Those temples where festivals  are celebrated two or three times in a year are not,  rare. The extent of the festival days varies  from  temple to temple. In most of the temples  the festival  lasts for ten  days  where as in some others it lasts   for only six…

K.K. Thanammal* * Assistant Professor of Histoy, S.T. Hindu College, Nagercoil. Abstract Lourthammal Simon is accredited with the special privilege of having become the first women minister emerged from the Mukkuva community.  In the 1957 general election to the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu, She contested the election and came out with tremendous success from the Colchel Constituency of Kanyakuamari District. K.Kamaraj, the Chief Minister offered her the Internal Affairs and Fisheries portfolios in his ministry of nine ministers. As a Minister she has done her duty very meritoriously for her people. She implemented new economical schemes for the fishermen community by introducing mechanised powerboats, first time in the District.…

S. Josphin Suja* * Research Scholar in History, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli. Abstract The contribution of the Tamils to world civilization is very significant. They founded the famous three Sangams even before the birth of Christian era and contributed much in the fields such as literature, art and architecture, dance and music. In addition to that in the field of medicine also they contributed much. Even from the ancient period they identified several diseases and also developed an indigenous system of medicine that is Siddha system of medicine to cure such diseases. Further they also developed a through knowledge about the physiology of man and also the minute functioning of…

Dr. M. Anusha Angel* * Assistant Professor of History, Jayaraj Annapackiam College for Women (Autonomous), Periyakulam, Theni. Abstract The temples are the places where devotees worship God and so the place of worship should be sacred. Temple is called as koil or kovil in Tamil language. The term koil is derived from the two words ‘ko’ and ‘il’. ‘Ko’ in Tamil means king. God is placed in part with kings or superior to kings in governing the people. ‘il’ in Tamil means house. Hence, the residing place of God is called koil. It is a general belief that temples are the abodes of Gods and Goddesses. The temples are considered…

Dr. A. Shunmugaiah* * Assistant Professor, Department of History, S. T. Hindu College, Nagercoil. Abstract Suchindram is a small village about 12 km from Kanyakumari and about seven kilometers from Nagercoil.  This holy place is located on the banks of the river Pazhayar, adjoining fertile fields and coconut groves and the temple is dedicated to Sri Sthanumalaya, which denotes Siva, Vishnu and Brahmma.  This temple is one of the historic edifices in Kanyakumari District.  This temple is a famous not only for its architectural beauty but also for the administration prevailed in those days.  It was due to the temple servants namely, Brahmanasevakam, Garland - makers, Nandavanakkar, Devadasis, Kalakam, drummers,…

J.Amala Thanka Kumari1 & Dr.Revathi Thomas2 1 Research Scholar, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli. 2 Associate  Professor, Dept  of History, WCC, Nagercoil. Abstract Around 65% of the State’s population is living in rural areas.  People in rural areas should have the same quality of life as is enjoyed by people living in suburban and urban areas.  Further there are cascading efforts of poverty, unemployment, poor and inadequate infrastructure in rural areas on urban centers causing slums and consequential social and economic tensions manifesting in economic deprivation and urban poverty.  Hence, Rural Development which is concerned with economic growth and social justice, improvement in the living standard of rural people by providing…

*C.Ani Chandra and ** Dr. Revathy Thomas Abstract The rapid development in Computer and Internet technology has brought forth tremendous influence in modern societies. Each country endeavours to give more importance to science advancement for getting the first place in the world. Scientific invention is very prominent to improve the living standards of people. Technologies have not only changed everyday life but also affected the nature of crime by providing new opportunities for conventional crimes and creating new crimes of cyber crime. *Ph.D.Scholar, M.S.University,Tirunelveli. **Associate Professor, Women’s Christian College, Nagercoil.   Introduction Computer is essential for all working areas. Now-a-days without computer one cannot do anything. Almost everybody is making…

D. Vinoba Gladis* Abstract Education means a systematic instruction in a language either for arts or science, which resulted in the development of character and mental power.  They are highly essential for the development of the society. In the early period, the Kings patronized poets and poetess and their literary productions were recognized in the court. With the passage of time, particularly during the medieval period, because of the caste system, education was confined to a particular caste. The high caste people became the masters and the students of the other communities except the Dalits, were given traditional pattern of education. During the early days educational institutions were attached to…

N.Archana*, & P.Jeyabalakrishnan** The Kanikkar, a hill tribe who live in the forest area of Kanyakumari District, are commonly known as Kanis.  They are a jungle tribe inhabiting the hills of Kanyakumari District.  Hutton describes them as “proto-Austroloid, with some Negrito admixture and being by no means progranthous.”1  They are evidently the aborigines of the land.  They believe that they were the associates of the royal family of Travancore.2  It is said that the Kanikkar existed even before the Aryans entered Kerala.3   *Ph.D., Research Scholar in History, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. ** Assistant Professor in History, DDE, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar. Different Theories of Origin There are a number of…

Ms. V. Pradeepa* Abstract The Rajasthanis came to Coimbatore for the purpose of trade. At first few families settled in Coimbatore from Rajasthan.  Later many Jain people migrated to various district of Tamil Nadu 80% of the Rajasthanis happen to be the Janis. The Rajasthanis are doing business like handloom cloth and cotton works in Coimbatore. Rajasthani Sangh in Coimbatore is a non-profit service organization involved in social welfare activities and services to the needy people of any caste creed and community. Both the Rajasthani Sangh and Rajasthani Nivas building are widely used by the people of all walks of life. The Rajasthani people are unique in food habits, dress,…

Dr. H. Santhosha Kumari* Abstract Temples in the world are different in their construction.  It is different from temple to temple, country to country, place to place and religion to religion. Nearly 1200 years back the village Vellimalai was covered with thick forest. At that time, there lived a saintly person on the hill. He had the divine power of healing chronic diseases. So the surrounding people visited this noble soul for getting his blessings and got their diseases cured. He was known as a great ‘Siddhar’. He lived in a cave which was at the foot of the present steps on the eastern side of the shrine. One day,…

Y. Immanuel Rajakumar* ABSTRACT This paper discusses the global rules and policies with respect to norms and standards of international human rights law. In the context of the WTO, this involves examining the WTO agreement and its annexes- such as the agreement on trade related aspects of intellectual property rights or general agreement on trade in services for their compatibility with human rights. In the context of the World Bank and the IMF , it involves examining their macro-economic policies and poverty reduction strategies for compatibility with human rights law. This paper finds out some rational policy measures to overcome the negative effects of globalization on human rights particularly policy…

A. Selvarani*, & P.Jeyabalakrishnan** Tourist potential of a country or a place mainly depends on its climate, scenery, historical monuments, art, traditions, festivals and the people.  If any place possesses all the above mentioned potentials or any one of these potentials we may call it as a tourist centre.  In fact, Tirunelveli District has inherited all the above mentioned characters and it has become one of the major tourist centres in India. The Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation has declared Tirunelveli, Tiruchendur, Courtallam, Sankarankoil, Krishnapuram, Papanasam, Mundanthurai, Koonthankulam, Ariyakulam and Ayyanar Sunai  as major tourist spots in this district.1 Tirunelveli Tirunelveli is a town of hoary tradition and is about…

Dr. Regi. S* Abstract Ancient Tamilaham the place of Chera, Chola, Pandyas and other minor chieftains had an authentic history on the basis of its vast literary sources and epigraphical evidences. From these one could draw and redraw the history of the Tamils, their culture, their society, their polity and their economic activities. In this research article the author has taken an effort to write the condition of Tamil women down from the Sangam period to the 19th Century. It is evident from this paper that though the women of India faced so many hardships, the women of TamilNadu encountered with less hardships comparatively. Eventhough they were fenced during the…

Dr. N. Amutha Kumari* ABSTRACT The Toda people are a small pastoral community who live on the isolated Nilgiri Plateau of Southern India. Prior to the late 18th Century,  the Toda co-existed locally with other communities. The Toda traditionally live in settlement consisting of three to seven small thatched houses, constructed in the shape of half barrels and spread across the slopes of the pasture. They traditionally trade dairy products with the neighbouring people of Nilgiri. The religious and funerary rites provide the social context in which complex poetic songs about the cult of the buffalo are composed and chanted. Fraternal polyandry in traditional Toda society was fairly common however…

Dr. Geetha, K. - Assistant Professor, Department of History, V. T. Bhattathirippad College, Mannanpatta, Sreekrishnapuram, Palakkad, Kerala. Abstract Originally land revenue was a share of the grain heap on the threshing floor. Even before the Mughals, the Hindu Rajahs and Chieftains were accustomed to take a certain share of the produce of every cultivated acre, unless, as a special favour that share was remitted.  The practice among the Aryan immigrants was quoted by the compiler of the “law of Manu”, who speaks of traders, cattle owners, and artificers contributing a share of their gains to the king. A share from land was one of the payments. Among the Dravidians a…

Dr. S. Pushpalatha* Abstract From time immemorial, Indian women stood on par with men folk. On many occasions women came forward to offer their strength and their intelligence for the progress and sovereignty of the nation. The Indian society has had been a patriarchal one. But women had a respectable position in the society. There were learned women like Brahma Vadini, Gargi, Maitreyi and others. In course of time, they were debarred from all their rights to stand with their male partners in equal terms. During the time of Buddha, female education was prevalent. There were signs of degradation in the post Buddha period. During the medieval period some women…

S.L. Omanakutten* Abstract From time immemorial oppression has been the common lot of the women of the world. In the primitive society very often enjoy advantages denied to their sisters of so called civilized society. They were more autonomous in their habits and attitudes, because the economic structure of their society was simpler. Men and women shared their labours and their gains. Hallow pretences did not intrude there with mock standards of false responsibility to vitiate life. But with the rise of private property, kingdoms and empires, that simplicity was destroyed. More complicated economic forms emerged. The frame work of society got rapid transformation and the position of woman began…

Dr. C. Paul Suyambu, M.A., M. Phil., Ph.D.* Abstract India the land of varied cultures, races, languages, religions and civilizations had a vested history of its own.  During its long history it faced so many ups and downs in all fields.  However the Indian society with its time bound laws and orthodox nature seek the attention of many travellers and rulers.  They considered that the condition of women was at the low realm.  Therefore in this paper an attempt is being made to analyze the various causes for the degradation of women’s condition in ancient Indian society. As is often the case, the strong have tyrannised over the weak.  The…